Bottle making machine



March 15, 1932. s. L. SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet l I l WITNESSES: INVENTOR March 15, 1932. SEARS- 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 l7 Sheets-Sheet 2 IA/ VEA/ TOR WITNESSES March 15, 1932. s SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 1'7 Sheets-Sheet 3 A TTOR/VEY March 15, 1932 s, 1 SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 4 W23; W M

March 15, 1932. s. 1.. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE 17 Sheets-Sheet 5 Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 INVENTOR ?vinqyzz. flfiirs ATTORNEY WITNESSES Q Zf March 15, 1932. s, SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 6 IN VE N TOR Jydjze fl. ,J'ers 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 7 March 15, 1932. s. 1.. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19-

B Y i A TTOR/VE Y S. L. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE March 15, 1932.

17 Sheets-Sheet 8 Original Filed Aug. 19

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BY %yv Q1 ATTORNEY WITNESSES: m WM c March 15, 1932. 5 SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 9 4 (M ji BY ATTORNEY March 15, 1932. s. L. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 1.9, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet 1O IIVI/ENTOR ,J fdilyz Scans By 5 flO/WEY WITNESSES. WW1 C.

March 15, 1932. s. SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet ll m 439 ii 479 I 429 g m I 479* fly I l March 15, 1932 s. SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet l2 WITNESSES I/VI/E/VTOR Mme f Q, f dne Z ,'cdrs M I M 4 TTORNE Y March 15, 1932.

Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 S. L. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE 17 Sheets-Sheet 13 March 15, 1932. s.. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Fileji?1g. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet l4 March 15, 1932. s. L. SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet l5 WITNESSES INVE/VTUR Mu g g; ,lg dh zqs'edn BY .4 TTOR/VEV March 15, 1932. SEARS 1,849,555

BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 1914 17 Sheets-Sheet l6 4 m4 1 fjzf g m 7 /i 53 $121 4 f 2 a ,5 7 293 29 52 14'4 1 13 t v 03 m 6 9 9 x. mil; 1 ,M j 99 "I'VE; Mil 2 172 I 6 1 65 4 v90 O W 71 a O WITNESSEs INVENTOR WM s/vi 2 Afkl'dfbyl. ,Jeam- 40 ATTORNEY March 15, 1932. s. 1.. SEARS BOTTLE MAKING MACHINE Original Filed Aug. 19, 191'4 1'7 Sheets-Sheet l7 W/T/VESSES:

Patented Mar. 15, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

SYDNEY L. SEARS, OF L YNDHURST, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOBgBY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO HARTFORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, .A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE BOTTLE MAKING- mncmma Application filed August 19, 1914, Serial no. 502,181. Renewed September 21, 1921.

which will operate at a comparatively high so-called parison, is

rate of speed, which may be adapted readily to the manufacture of bottles of different sizes, and which will subject the material (glass) to the several operations in proper It; succession, carrying the material automatically from one step or stage to the next. Other features of my invention will be brought out in the description following hereinafter, and the novelty over the prlor art will be pointed out in the appended claims.

Before explaining in detail the specific example of my invention illustrated by the accompanying drawings, I will give a brief outline of the steps or stages by the succession of which theoriginal shapeless body of glass, or adually transformed into a bottle of the desired shape.

The body of glass, or. parison, is first brought into a blank mold which at that time is in an inverted position, with a neck mold at the bottom of saidblank mold, and a nipple within the neck mold so that the glass flowing into the annular space between the neck mold and the nipple may begin to form the mouth and neck of the bottle. Pressure is then exerted on the parison from above (by compressed air) to drive the glass more thoroughly into said annular neck space. Thereupon the nipple is withdrawn from the glass, and a 1 rod or plunger contained within said nipple is driven upward into the parison to produce a cavity therein. After this piercing rod has been retracted downward, the parison is distended to a certain extent by blowing air through the nipple into the cavity formed by said rod. Then the blank mold, with the neck mold retainingv its position relatively thereto, is inverted so that the neck mold will be at the top, and the blank mold is opened so that the partly-formed bottle will be suspended freely from the neck mold. A blow mold is then closed uponv the partlyformed bottle, and by the action of com pressed air the glass body is expanded further until its outer shape corresponds to the inner form of the blow mold. Then the neck mold opens torelease the neck portion of the bottle, andthe blow mold, still closed, with the bottle'therein, is lowered to a position in which the bottle is finally released by the opening of the blow mold, so that the finished bottle may be removed.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a plan view of a bottle-making machine emmechanism Fig. 6 is a plan view,,largely of a diagrammatic character, illustrating certain features in connectionwith the motion of the blank mold carrier; Fig. 7 is a sectional elevation of certain parts, taken in the same plane as Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a side elevation, and Fig. 9 a front elevation with parts in section, showing a mechanism for blowing compressed air into the inverted blank mold, from above; Fig. 9 is a partial vertical section of different position; Fi 10 is a horizontal section on line 1010 of ig.9; Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on line 1111 of Fig.12, the latter being a side elevation of part of the mechanism for operating the nipple, and Fig. 13 is a horizontal sectionfon line 13-13. of Fig. 1:2; Fig. 14L is a side elevation of part of the mechanism for operating the piercing rod; Fig. 15 is a side elevation, Fi 16 a vertical section on line 1616 of Fig. 15, and Fig. 18 a top view of mechanism 1n connection with a cam for controlling the admission of air durin the initial expansion of the parison; and%igs 15, 16, and 18 are corresome of the parts shown inFig. 9, but in a sponding views of the cam mechanism for controlling the admission of air during the final blowing; Fig. 17 is a partial vertical section showing the blank mold and connected mechanism; Fig. 19 is a detail side elevation of gearing for turning the head, and Fig. 20 is a face view of a mutilated gear forming part of said gearing; Figs. 21 and 22 are top views of the blank moldv mechanism, with parts in section, showing the same in different positions; Fig. 23 is a vertical, section showing particularly the mechanism for operating the blow-mold bottom; Figs. 24 and 25 are plan views, with parts in section, show-.

.Fig. 34 shows the blank mold in end view,

together with the adjacent parts, the head being shown in section; Figs. 35, 35 and 35 are vertical sections of the blank mold and adjacent parts, illustrating the operations taking place in the blank-mold; Fig. 36 is a cross section on line 3636 of Fig. 87, the latter being a longitudinal section of the nipple and adjacent parts; Fig. 38 is a side elevation illustrating the position of the parts during the blowing operation; Fig. 39 is a side elevation, with parts in section and others omitted, showing particularly the means co-operating with the swinging head to position and arrest it; Fig. 40 is a horizontal section showing part of the mechanism for turning and locking the cam collar 112 shown in Fig. 27 and F i 41 is a face view of a mutilated gear forming part of the mechanism for turning said cam collar; Fig. 42 is a top view of part of the mechanism for producing a peculiar novel movement of the carriage; Fig. 43 is a corresponding side elevation; Fig. 44 is a vertical section taken on line 44-44 of Fig. 43; Fig. 45 is a detail vertical section showing certain features of the parts appearin at the lower right-hand corner of Fig. 17 F ig. 46 is a front elev.-.tion,with parts broken off and others in section, showing details of the mechanism for arresting and locking the swinging head; Fig. 46 is a vertical section on line 46*46 of Fig. 46; Fig. 46 is a detail elevation showing the swinging head in engagement with its locking mechanism; Fig. 47 is a vertical section of the upper part of the frame with the carriage guides; Fig. 48 is a face View, and Fig. 48 a side elevation, of a stationary cam for restoring to its normal position, the lever which controls the admission of air; and Fig. 49 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the peculiar motion which I give to the carriage.

The machine comprises a stationary central post or column 50 (made hollow so as to serve as a reservoir for compressed air supplied from any suitable source, as through a pipe 51), and to the upper part of the column 50 is secured a hub 52 from which extends outwardly a practically horizontal web 53 with a cylindrical vertical wall 54 at its outer edge. Radial ribs 53' connect the hub 52, web 53, and outer wall 54. Exteriorly of said wall are two superposed horizontal flanges or rings 55, 56, each provided with a cam groove composed of a larger portion 55 and 56 respectively concentric with the axis a of the column 50, (Fig. 2) and of a smaller portion 55" and 56" (Fig. 47) respectively curved according to the arc of a circle whose center or axis 6 is at a greater distance from the axis a than the mainportions 55 and 56 of said cam grooves. Thus the cam groove portions 55 and 56 are convex when viewed from the way (Figs. 1 and 47). The cam portion 55 and 56" are concave when viewed in the same way (Fig. 1 and 47 The cam portion 55 is directly above the cam portion 56, and the same thing is true with reference to the cam portions 55" and 56", that is to say, the points at which the cam portion 55' joins the cam portion 55", are exactly in line, vertically, with the points where the cam portion 56' joins the cam portion '56. All the parts de scribed so far are stationary. The portion of the frame on which the concave cam portions 55, 56" are provided, is preferably a separate piece from the portion containing the convex cam portions 55 and 56.

The carriage for the blink mold and me]:

mold

The cam grooves 55, 55" and 56', 56" form tracks for rollers 57, 58 arranged in superposed pairs (Fig. 2) and mounted to turn about vertical studs 57 and 58 respectively, the studs of superposed-rollers being in vertical alinement. These studs aresecured to a carriage 59; the machine shown has eight such carriages, all alike, so that it will suflice to describe one of them and its connections in detail. These carriages are spaced from each other evenly, that is to say, 45 apart in the machine shown. Each carriage 59 (see Figs. 2 and 7) is formed with a circular bottom flange 59 and bearing disk 59 capable of turning about its own vertical axis 0, in a cylindrical box or socket 60 provided with a removable retaining ring 60' and containing a bearing disk 60 adjacent to the disk 59", to form a step bearing in conjunction with balls 61 engaging both disks. The box 60 is rigid or integral with a plate 60* pivoted at 63 about a vertical axis (1 (Figs. 42 and 44) to a plate 62, on which the plate 60* rests, and preferably a flange 64 (curved with the axis d for its center) is secured to the plate 62, to

guide the plate 60* at the portion farthest away from the pivot 63. The plate 62 is provided with a cylindrical downward extension 62' having a cylindrical bottom flange 62 capable of turning about its own vertical axis 6, in a cylindrical box or socket 65 provided with a removable retaining ring 65 and containing a bearing washer 65" made of copper or other sultable anti-friction material. The plate 62 has a verticalpin 62* member (Figs. 1 and 2).

extended through it, said pin having a threaded upper end to receive a nut 66, while on the lower end is rotatably mounted a roller 67 traveling in a cam groove 68, 68 in a guide 69 secured to the column 50 (Fig. 6). The cam groove portions 68, 68' correspond in location to the cam groove portions 55', 56 and 55", 56 respectively; the cam groove portion 68 forms an arc of a circle with the axis a as a center. The re-entrant portion 68 may be considerably wider than the roller 67, except at one end, where, as shown in Figs. 1 and 6, the groove has the same width as the circular arc portion 68, so as to guide the roller 67 on both sides.

The box 65 is rigid or integral with a table or carrier mounted to turn about the axis a of the column 50 and comprising an annular member 7 0 j ournaled on the lower portion of the said column (which is suitably lubricated), and a series of sectors 71 (eight in this case) rigidly secured to said annular The carrier is supported by radial rollers 72 journaled in stationary bearings 73 and engaging a ring 74 at the bottom of the carrier. To this annular member of the carrier-1s also secureda ring 75 provided with bevel teeth in mesh with those of a bevel wheel 76 which extends through an opening in the stationary base plate 7 7 and is secured to a radial drive shaft 78 journaled in stationary bearings 79;

This shaft and the carrier actuated thereby, are rotated continuously while the machine is in operation.

The swing-ing headoanrying the blank mold and neck mold On each of the carriages 59 (Figs. 2 and is mounted to turn about a horizontal axis f, a head 80 provided with a horizontal journal 80 rotating in an externally tapered bushing 81 held rigidly in a suitable cavity of.

in a bearing 83* secured to the carriage 59.-

To this shaft 83 is also secured a mutilated bevel wheel 83a adapted to be engagedandrotated at certain points or stages, by stationary rack portions referred to hereinafter.

The neck mold The head 80 is made rigid or formed in,-

tegral with a plate or support 85, which as shown in Fig. 17 may beslightly to one side of the axis f, and this support is provided with two lugs 85 through which extend parallel rods 86 secured rigidly to said lugs. On the portions of said rods which project on opposite sides of the lugs 85', are mounted to slide rectilinear-1y two neck mold carriers 87', to each of which is. secured rigidly a neck mold section 88. Each of these sections is semi-circular in end View (Figs. 22 and 34), and one of them is preferably provided with longitudinal grooves 88 to receive corresponding ribs 88" on the other section, so as to secure a close fit and a tight joint in the closed position. At its outer portion, each neck mold carrier 87 has a perforated projection 87 for connecting it pivotally with the outer end of an arm 89 fulcrumed on the support 85 at 89". The carrier 87 is pressed toward its companion by a spring 90 one end of which engages the arm v89, while the other end bears against an adjustable screw 91 working in a bracket 92 secured to the support 85. By turning this screw 91, the tension of the spring 90 may be adjusted. Each arm 89 also carries a roller 93 adapted to be engaged by a cam 94 secured to a rock shaft 95 j ournaled in bearings 95 on the head 80 and support 85 respectively.

The blank mold To the shafts 95 are also secured rigidly arms 96 (Figs. 2, 17, 21, and 22), each of which, at its forked outer end, has a blank mold section 97 pivoted thereto at 98, and a spring 99 (whose tension may be regulated by turning a screw 100) tends to swing each section 97 on its pivot 98. This pivotal movement is only slight, being limited by a pin 101 carried by one of the parts (say, the blank mold section) and a slot 102 on the other part (say, the .arm96). The blank mold sections may be formed with ribs 97 and corresponding grooves 97" in the same way as described for the neck mold sections. The neck mold carriers 87 are formed with lips 87" adapted for dovetail engagement with corresponding projections 97* on the bank mold sections (Figs. 17 and 35). The axis 9 of the closed blank mold and neck mold is perpendicular to the axis f about which the head 80 swings, and parallel to the shafts 95, fulcrums 89', and pivots 98. The distance from said mold axis 9 to the axes of the rollers 57, 58, should be-equal to, or approximate very closely, the mean radius of the cam portions 55", 56", or in other words, the distance from the axis or center 6 to the center line of the said cam portions 55", 56 (Figs. 8 and 49). I

The mechanism for operating the blank mold and neck mold Each arm 96 is provided, at a distance from its fulcrum (the shaft 95), with 9. lug 96' pivotally connected at 96" with one end 

